Posts by Prof. Dr. Vahit Bıçak

Business Expanding to Turkey: Legal and Practical Guide for International Companies

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Expanding a business into Türkiye offers international investors access to a strategic market that bridges Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. This article provides a step-by-step guide for foreign companies planning to establish operations in Türkiye, covering company incorporation, drafting bilingual Articles…

Undercover Operations in Turkey: Legal Perspective

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Legal Boundaries and Practical Realities of Undercover Law Enforcement Activities in Turkey Undercover law enforcement operations in Turkey have become an essential tool in the fight against organized crime, terrorism, and cybercrime. This study analyzes the legal basis under Criminal Procedure Code…

Can Private Detective Operate Legally in Turkey?

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Legal Boundaries and Practical Realities of Undercover Law Enforcement Activities in Turkey Undercover law enforcement operations in Turkey have become an essential tool in the fight against organized crime, terrorism, and cybercrime. This study analyzes the legal basis under Criminal Procedure Code…

Legal Liabilities and Sanctions in Turkey’s Electronic Payment and Money Systems: Section Seven of Law No. 6493

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Law No. 6493 regulates payment systems, payment services, and electronic money institutions in Türkiye. Section Seven (Art. 27 to 40) outlines the legal framework for sanctions, investigations, and criminal proceedings in cases of non-compliance. The Central Bank of the Republic of Türkiye…

The High Ego–Low Self-Esteem Paradox in National Identity: A Psychological Perspective on Nations in Crisis

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  The phenomenon of high national ego combined with low collective self-esteem describes a psychological contradiction in which countries display exaggerated pride and demands for recognition while harboring deep internal insecurity and a persistent need for validation. This dynamic is particularly visible…

Trade, Tariff, and Customs Fraud by Turkish Corporations: Legal Risks and Compliance Imperatives

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Trade, Tariff and Customs Fraud by Corporations In an era of intensified global trade and growing regulatory scrutiny, Turkish corporations are increasingly exposed to legal and reputational risks associated with trade, tariff, and customs fraud. As Türkiye expands its role as a…

Romance Scams with a Turkish Twist: Legal Insights into Online Exploitation of Foreign Women

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Romance scams involving Turkish men targeting foreign women have become an increasingly concerning form of online fraud. These scams often begin through social media, dating apps, or messaging platforms, where scammers build emotional connections with unsuspecting women abroad. The perpetrators typically present…

Obtaining Licenses for Business in Turkey

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Obtaining Licenses for Business in Turkey Business Licensing and Permits in Turkey form the legal backbone of all commercial activity and are essential for ensuring that enterprises operate in accordance with national laws and regulatory standards. Far beyond a bureaucratic formality, these…

Modernizing the EU – Turkey Customs Union

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Modernizing the EU – Turkey Customs Union The Customs Union between the European Union and Turkey, which came into effect on 1 January 1996 through Decision No. 1/95 of the EC–Turkey Association Council, marked a milestone in EU – Turkey economic relations.…

University Diploma Nullification: Legal Grounds and Recent Developments

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The nullification of a university diploma is a serious legal matter with significant implications for individuals and institutions, particularly when it affects an individual’s eligibility for public office. Such decisions are often based on claims of irregularities in the admission, transfer, or…