Pope Leo XIV’s 2025 visit to Turkey brought renewed global attention to the state of religious freedom in the country. His meetings with President Erdoğan and his visit to İznik, the site of the First Council of Nicaea, highlighted Turkey’s deep Christian…

Passport forgery remains a significant security issue in Turkey despite the country’s use of modern biometric passports. Criminal networks target Turkish passports because of Turkey’s geographic position and the mobility advantages associated with certain passport types, especially the green passport. Forgery methods…

Comprehensive Typology of Law Firms in Turkey: Structure, Organisation and Market Dynamics Law firms in Turkey display a diverse range of organisational forms shaped by regulatory constraints, market forces and patterns of economic development. The legal services market includes large full-service corporate…

Beyond the Scandals: Understanding the Legal and Regulatory Landscape of Match-Fixing in Turkish Football Match-fixing in Turkish football has become a persistent integrity challenge driven by structural weaknesses, expanding betting markets and socio-economic pressures on participants. Manipulation now takes many forms, from…

Türkiye’s position as a logistics and finance hub makes it a natural conduit that sanctions evaders try to exploit across multiple regimes. Evasion commonly relies on ownership-and-control obfuscation, using shells, nominees, and rapid corporate churn to hide sanctioned influence. Transshipment through free…

Enforcement of the Iran Sanctions Regime in Türkiye: Asset Freezes, Legal Framework, and Practical Dimensions Türkiye has frozen the assets of persons and entities linked to Iran’s nuclear program under a presidential decree published in the Official Gazette on 1 October 2025…

The appointment of trustees (kayyım tayini) for company management is a powerful judicial tool designed to ensure the lawful administration of a business when its governance structure is compromised. Trusteeship aims to safeguard corporate assets, maintain continuity of operations, and protect the…

Trusteeship in Turkish Corporate Law: Lessons from High-Profile Cases to TMSF Practice for Foreign Business The appointment of trustees (kayyım tayini) for company management is a powerful judicial tool designed to ensure the lawful administration of a business when its governance structure…

Military espionage is treated as one of the gravest crimes in Turkey, with penalties up to 20 years under the Turkish Penal Code. Investigations often involve the National Intelligence Organization (MİT), prosecutors, and High Criminal Courts, using closed hearings and classified evidence.…

Organized Crime in Turkey: How Mafia Figures and Criminal Networks Shape the Modern State Organized crime has profoundly shaped the Turkish state, influencing politics, security, and the economy from the Ottoman era to the present day. The legacy of the Susurluk scandal,…